Europe expands AI Factory network with 6 new sites and 13 antennas, strengthening digital sovereignty
Europe is accelerating its artificial intelligence infrastructure push with the addition of six new AI Factories, bringing the total number of facilities to 19 across 16 EU Member States.
The EuroHPC Joint Undertaking (EuroHPC JU) — responsible for building Europe’s next-generation super-computing and AI capabilities — announced that Czechia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Poland, Romania, and Spain will host the latest wave of AI-optimized systems.
AI Factories are dynamic ecosystems that will build around AI-optimised supercomputers, offering computing resources and support services to the European industry, as well as to the European scientific users for the development of large AI models to take advantage of AI technology capabilities in the European Union, and for the development of skills and knowledge in the domain of AI.
Supported by more than €500 million in joint EU and national investment, these new facilities aim to give European startups, SMEs, researchers, and public institutions direct access to advanced computing power, secure data environments, and technical expertise to develop cutting-edge AI solutions. The expansion forms a key part of the EU’s plan to solidify digital sovereignty and reduce reliance on non-European technology ecosystems.
The new AI Factories will join 13 previously selected sites across Europe, forming an interconnected high-performance computing (HPC) network designed to accelerate the development, testing, and scaling of AI models and applications in priority sectors such as health, cybersecurity, climate, manufacturing, and space.
Each newly selected host country will deploy AI-optimized super-computing resources tailored to local strengths while integrating into a pan-European innovation infrastructure.
| Country | AI Factory Name | Key Focus |
|---|---|---|
| Austria | AT:AI | Industry innovation, HPC integration |
| Bulgaria | BRAIN++ | Manufacturing, skills development |
| Czechia | CZAI | National AI adoption, KarolAIina supercomputer |
| Finland | LUMI AIF | Large-scale AI training, pan-Nordic collaboration |
| France | AI2F | Trusted, ethical AI frameworks |
| Germany | JAIF | Industrial AI innovation |
| Germany | HammerHAI | Applied AI for advanced manufacturing |
| Greece | Pharos | Tourism, smart mobility |
| Italy | IT4LIA | Open-source AI and compute access |
| Lithuania | LitAI Factory | Cybersecurity, green energy, health |
| Luxembourg | Meluxina-AI | Secure AI for finance and data governance |
| Netherlands | NLAIF | Sensitive data, healthcare, agriculture |
| Poland | Gaia AI Factory | Healthcare, space, LLMs |
| Poland | PIAST AIF | Research and HPC collaboration |
| Romania | RO AI Factory | SME innovation and trustworthy AI |
| Slovenia | SLAIF | Applied AI for public services |
| Spain | 1HealthAI | One-Health experimental platform |
| Spain | BSC AIF | Frontier model development |
| Sweden | MIMER | Climate and industrial AI |
In parallel, the European Commission has also announced the launch of ‘AI Factories Antennas’ in seven Member States, Belgium, Cyprus, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia, Malta, and Slovakia, and in partner countries including Iceland, Moldova, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, North Macedonia, and Serbia.
These Antennas will collaborate closely with AI Factories to provide national AI communities with secure remote access to world-class, AI-optimised super-computing resources. Fully integrated into the EuroHPC ecosystem, the network aims to expand access to AI talent, infrastructure, and innovation across Europe.
| Country | Antenna | Main Focus | Linked AI Factory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | BE-AIFA | SMEs/startups support, defense, health, biotech, manufacturing, robotics, space, public services | LUMI (Finland), JUPITER (Germany) |
| Cyprus | Pharos-CY | Trustworthy AI for health, sustainability, culture & language | Pharos (Greece) |
| Hungary | HunAIFA | HPC-accelerated AI in healthcare, energy, agriculture, manufacturing | JUPITER (Germany) |
| Iceland | AIFA ICE | AI/HPC access for startups/SMEs, Icelandic language models, trustworthy AI | LUMI (Finland) |
| Ireland | AIF IRL-Antenna | Access to AI infrastructure, AI Sandboxes, training, user support | AI2F (France), Meluxina-AI (Luxembourg) |
| Latvia | AIFA-LAT | Research, experimentation, adoption across economy, academia, public administration | LUMI (Finland) |
| Malta | CALYPSO | Innovation hub, AI supercomputing access, finance, transport, health | PHAROS (Greece) |
| Moldova | FAIMA | Gateway for startups/SMEs/public institutions, agriculture, healthcare, public sector | PIAST (Poland) |
| North Macedonia | VEZILKA | AI adoption in health, energy, culture, agriculture, public administration | Pharos (Greece) |
| Serbia | SAIFA | Full AI lifecycle support, culture, sustainability, healthcare, agriculture | Pharos (Greece), IT4LIA (Italy) |
| Slovakia | SKAIAT | Cross-border innovation, human-centric AI, industry-academia partnerships | AI:AT (Austria) |
| Switzerland | HEARTS | HPC and AI services, weather forecasting, sensitive data, AI workforce training | LUMI (Finland), BSC (Spain), MIMER (Sweden), IT4LIA (Italy) |
| United Kingdom | UKAIFA | AI adoption for startups/SMEs/industry/public sector, health, fintech, energy, robotics | HammerHAI (Germany) |
A Strategic Push Toward Europe’s AI Continent Vision
The AI Factory program is part of a broader roadmap outlined in the EU’s AI Continent Action Plan and 2024 AI Innovation Package. Together, they support trustworthy AI aligned with EU values, the AI Act, and strong industrial capabilities.
In total, the EuroHPC JU and Member States are investing more than €2.6 billion into AI Factories and Antennas, complemented by €10 billion in super-computing infrastructure funding through 2027. A forthcoming InvestAI Facility — a €20 billion fund — targets the development of up to five future AI Gigafactories capable of training frontier models with trillions of parameters.
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